\[x - тетрадей;\ \ y - блокнотов.\]
\[3x + 7y = 30;\ \ \ (10;0) -\]
\[частное\ решение.\]
\[x = 10 + 7n;\ \ y = - 3n;\ \ n \in Z.\]
\[Для\ x:\ \ n \geq - 1;\ \ \ для\ y:\ \ \]
\[n \leq - 1 \Longrightarrow n = - 1.\]
\[n = - 1:\]
\[x = 10 + 7 \bullet ( - 1) = 10 - 7 = 3;\ \ \ \]
\[\ \ y = - 3 \bullet ( - 1) = 3.\]
\[Ответ:3\ тетради\ и\ 3\ блокнота.\]