\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} a_{1} + a_{7} = 10 \\ a_{3} \cdot a_{5} = 16\ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[a_{1} + a_{7} = a_{1} + a_{1} + 6d =\]
\[= \left( a_{1} + 2d \right) + \left( a_{1} + 4d \right) =\]
\[= a_{3} + a_{5}\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} a_{3} + a_{5} = 10 \\ a_{3} \cdot a_{5} = 16\ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[a_{3} = 2;\ \ \ a_{5} = 8\ \ \ или\ \ \ a_{3} = 8;\ \ \]
\[a_{5} = 2\]
\[Прогрессия\ убывающая \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow a_{3} = 8;\ \ a_{5} = 2.\]
\[d = \frac{a_{5} - a_{3}}{5 - 3} = \frac{2 - 8}{2} = - \frac{6}{2} = - 3\]
\[a_{1} = a_{3} - 2d = 8 - 2 \cdot ( - 3) =\]
\[= 8 + 6 = 14\]
\[Ответ:\ 14.\]