\[S_{4} = 45;\ \ q = 2:\]
\[S_{4} = b_{1} \cdot \frac{q^{4} - 1}{q - 1}\]
\[45 = b_{1} \cdot \frac{16 - 1}{2 - 1}\]
\[15b_{1} = 45\]
\[b_{1} = 3.\]
\[S_{8} = b_{1} \cdot \frac{q_{8} - 1}{q - 1} = 3 \cdot (256 - 1) =\]
\[= 3 \cdot 255 = 765.\]
\[Ответ:765.\]