\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} S_{5} = 10\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ S_{12} = - 102 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} \frac{2a_{1} + 4d}{2} \cdot 5 = 10\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \frac{2a_{1} + 11d}{2} \cdot 12 = - 102 \\ \end{matrix}\text{\ \ \ \ } \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} \left( a_{1} + 2d \right) \cdot 5 = 10\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \left( 2a_{1} + 11d \right) \cdot 6 = - 102\ \ |\ :6 \\ \end{matrix}\text{\ \ } \right.\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} a_{1} + 2d = 2\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ | \cdot 2 \\ 2a_{1} + 11d = - 17\ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} 2a_{1} + 4d = 4\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ 2a_{1} + 11d = - 17 \\ \end{matrix}\ \ ( - )\ \right.\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} - 7d = 21\ \ \ \ \\ a_{1} = 2 - 2d \\ \end{matrix}\text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ } \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} d = - 3 \\ a_{1} = 8\ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Ответ:\ \ d = - 3;\ \ a_{1} = 8.\]